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2015 1E3 Group 8 - Anaemia

Page history last edited by class1e3group8 8 years, 9 months ago

Team members

 

Names / Roles:

  • [Callie]      (Leader)
  • [Izzah]      (Editor)
  • [Sabrina]      (Researcher)
  • [Hafizah]      (Researcher)

 


Meaning / Definition

In this section, include a brief description of the disorder or disease. You may include picture(s) or video(s) to illustrate your points.

 

Anemia is a condition that develops when your blood lacks enough healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a protein inside the red blood cells which contains iron and transports oxygen. If you have too few or abnormal red blood cells, the cells in your body will not get enough oxygen.

There are many types of Anemia. All are very different in their causes and treatments. Some forms of anemia- like the anemia that develops during pregnancy, are considered normal. However, some types of anemia may present lifelong health problems.

 

  

 

 

 

Information: [http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/understanding-anemia-basics]

[http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/158800.php]

Pictures: http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/hemoglobin

http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/A/anemia.html

 

 

 

 


Causes and Effects

In this section, while using a little medical jargon as possible,

1) include a description of the condition(s)  or situation(s) causing the disorder or disease;

2) include a description of the effect(s), outcome(s) or impact(s) on the patients' lives as a result of having the disorder or disease. 

You may include picture(s) or video(s) to illustrate your points.

 

There are more than 400 types of anemia, which are divided into 3 groupings:

  •  Anemia caused by blood loss
  •  Anemia caused by decreased or faulty red blood cell production
  •  Anemia caused by excessive destruction of red blood cells

 

Patients with Anemia may feel tired, fatigue easily, appear pale, develop palpitations (an unusually or abnormally rapid or violent beating of the heart). The main causes of anemia are bleeding, hemolysis (excessive destruction of red blood cells) and underproduction of normal hemoglobin. Women are more likely to have anemia than men because of menstrual blood loss. For children, anemia is most commonly caused by insufficient iron in the diet. Anemia is also often caused by gastrointestinal bleeding (is all forms of blood loss from the gastrointestinal tract, from the mouth to the rectum. When there is significant bleeding over a short period of time such as vomiting blood)

 

Information: [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/palpitation]

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastrointestinal_bleeding]

[http://www.webmd.boots.com/a-to-z-guides/iron-deficiency-anaemia]

 


Signs and Symptoms

In this section, while using a little medical jargon as possible, include a description of the signs and symptoms exhibited by people having the disorder or disease. You may include picture(s) or video(s) to illustrate your points. 

 

Common symptoms of anemia :

  •  Fatigue
  •  Lethargy (Sluggishness, apathy, a feeling of laziness)
  •  Malaise (a vague feeling that one is not well)
  •  Dyspnea (shortness of breath; difficult or labored breathing)
  •  Poor concentration
  •  Palpitations (unpleasant irregular and/or forceful beating of the heart)
  •  Sensitivity to cold temperatures

 

 

Less common symptoms of anemia :

  •  Tinnitus (ringing in the ears)
  •   Headache
  •   Sense of taste is affected
  •   Sore tongue
  •   Dysphagia (Difficulty in swallowing)
  •   Pallor (Pale complexion)
  •   Atrophic glossitis (very smooth tongue)
  •   Dry and flaky nails
  •   Angular chelosis (ulcer in the corner of the mouth)
  •   Restless leg syndrome (this is more common among patients with iron deficiency     anemia)

 

Extremely rare symptoms :

  •  Swelling of the legs and/or arms
  •  Chronic heartburn
  •  Vomiting
  •  Increased sweating
  •  Blood in stool (feces) 

 

 


Information: [http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/158800.php#symptoms_of_anemia]

Picture: http://www.medicinenet.com/anemia/page9.htm

 

 

 


Prevention and Treatment

In this section, while using a little medical jargon as possible,

1) include a description of the steps to prevent getting the disorder or disease (if it cannot be prevented, do explain why);

2) include a description of the treatment of the disorder or disease (if it cannot be treated, do explain why) or the steps to lessen its signs or symptoms. 

You may include picture(s) or video(s) to illustrate your points. 

 

 

Iron. Your body needs iron to make hemoglobin. Your body can easily absorb iron from meats than from vegetables or other fruits. Iron rich foods include beef and other meats, beans, lentils, iron-fortified cereals, dark green, leafy vegetables and dried fruit. 

 

Folate. Folic acids is a form of vitamin B that can be found in citrus fruits and juices, bananas, dark green, leafy vegetables, legumes and fortified breads, cereals and pasta. Your body needs folic acid to make and maintain new cells. Folic acid is also very important for pregnant women. It helps them avoid anemia and promotes healthy growth of the fetus. 

 

Vitamin B-12. Low levels of vitamin B-12 can lead to pernicious anemia. (Pernicious anemia is a condition in which the body can't make enough healthy red blood cells because it doesn't have enough vitamin B12). This vitamin is found naturally in meat and dairy products. It’s also added to some cereals and soy products, such as soy milk.

 

Vitamin C. Vitamin C helps the body absorb iron. Good sources of vitamin C are vegetables and fruits, especially citrus fruits. Fresh and frozen fruits, vegetables and juices usually have more vitamins than canned ones. 

 

Blood and Marrow Stem Cell Transplant. A blood and marrow stem cell transplant replaces your faulty stem cells with healthy ones from another person (a donor). Stem cells are made in the bone marrow. They develop into red and white blood cells and platelets. During the transplant, you get donated stem cells through a tube placed in a vein in your chest. Once the stem cells are in your body, they travel to your bone marrow and begin making new blood cells.

 

Surgery. If you have serious or life-threatening bleeding that’s causing anemia, you may need surgery. For example, you may need surgery to control on-going bleeding due to stomach ulcer or colon cancer. If your body is destroying red blood cells at a high rate, you may need to have your spleen removed. The spleen is an organ that removes worn-out red blood cells from the body. An enlarged or diseased spleenmay remove more red blood cells than normal, causing anemia. 

 

 

 Information: [http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/anemia/basics/prevention/con-20026209]

[http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/prnanmia]  

 

 

 

 


Link to Other Illnesses or Diseases

In this section, while using a little medical jargon as possible, include a description of the illness(es) or disease(s) that may occur as a result of having this disorder or disease. 

You may include picture(s) or video(s) to illustrate your points.

 

Cancer. Sometimes the cause of anemia is cancer or one of its complications. In general, cancer patients’ red blood cells wear out faster than normal and are not replaced as quickly as they are needed. Cancer can slow down your body’s ability to make red blood cells or interfere with your body’s ability to use stored iron.

 

Chronic kidney disease. Your kidneys make an important hormone called erythropoietin (EPO). (EPO is a hormone secreted by the kidneys that increases the rate of production of red blood cells in response to falling level of oxygen in the tissues). Hormones are chemical messengers that travel to tissues and organs to help you stay healthy. EPO tells your body to make red blood cells. When you have kidney disease, your kidneys cannot make enough EPO. Low EPO levels cause your red blood cell count to drop and anemia to develop.   

 

Rheumatoid Arthritis(RA). One type of anemia occurs with chronic inflammatory diseases, such as RA. RA can be associated with other types of anemia, including aplastic anemia and iron deficiency anemia. When RA is active, the autoimmune response (how your body recognizes and defends itself against bacteria, viruses, and substances that appear foreign and harmful) causes inflammation in the joints and other tissues. Inflammation lowers the production of red blood cells by causing a release of certain proteins that affect how the body uses iron.

 

 

 

Information: [http://www.everydayhealth.com/anemia/anemia-cancer-link.aspx]

[https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/what_anemia_ckd]

[http://www.healthline.com/health-slideshow/rheumatoid-arthritis-and-anemia#4]

Photo: http://thislupuslife.com/2015/03/03/rheumatoid-arthritis/

http://medicine.stonybrookmedicine.edu/transplant/renal%20disease%20facts

 


References

Plagiarism is a strongly discouraged.

 

In this section, include the links of all websites you obtained information from to complete your health science wiki page.

For example:

WebMD (http://www.webmd.com/)

[http://www.healthline.com/health-slideshow/rheumatoid-arthritis-and-anemia#4]

[https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/what_anemia_ckd]

[http://www.everydayhealth.com/anemia/anemia-cancer-link.aspx]

[http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/anemia/treatment]

[http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/prnanmia]

[http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/anemia/basics/prevention/con-20026209]

[http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/158800.php#symptoms_of_anemia]

[http://www.webmd.boots.com/a-to-z-guides/iron-deficiency-anaemia]

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastrointestinal_bleeding]

[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/palpitation]

[http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/understanding-anemia-basics]

[http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/158800.php]

 

 

Comments (2)

Mr Reuben Ng said

at 7:20 pm on Jun 9, 2015

Please start on your project soon!

Mr Reuben Ng said

at 1:16 pm on Jun 27, 2015

Some of your text are o different font (especially under "links to other diseases"). Do make them the same.

You don't have permission to comment on this page.