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3E2 group 10 research on Acids and bases

Page history last edited by 3E2_2012_Group 10 10 years, 9 months ago

3E2 Chemistry Project Group 10

Group members

Junwei

William

Mindy

Cloudia

Aim and Definations

Aim:

-To identify Acids,Bases and salt with their daily uses

-To understand their uses and what can it do for us

Defination:

-Acid : a chemical substance that nutralize alkali,desolves some matters and blue litmus paper red

-Bases: base is a substance that can hydrogen ions

-Salts:salts can compounds that can results from the process of neutralization which requires a acid and alkali combining together

Perchloric Acid

Acid that we are presenting :Perchloric acid

Production : The traditional method exploits the high aqueous solubility of sodium perchlorate ( 209g/100ml of water at room temperature ). Treatment of such solutions with hydrochloric acid gives perchloric acid, precicpitating solid sodium chloride:

NaClO₄ + HCl → NaCl + HClO₄

Uses: Perchloric acid is mainly produced as a precursor to ammonium perchlorate, which is used as rocket fuel. The growth in rocketry has led to increased production of perchloric acid. Several million kilograms are produced annually.

Lithium Hydroxide

Bases that we are presenting now : Lithium Hydroxide

Uses: It is used as a heat transfer medium and as a storage-batteryeletrolye. It is also used in ceremics and some Portland cement formulations. Lithium hydroxide (isotopially enriched in lithium-7) is used to alkalize the reactor coolant in preserized water reactos for corrosion control.

Ammonium

Salts that we decide to present is : ammonium

properties:

The ammonium ion is generated when ammonia, a weak base, reacts with Brønsted acids (proton donors):

H⁺ + NH₃ → NH₄⁺

The ammonium ion is mildly acidic, reacting with Brønsted bases to return to the uncharged ammonia molecule:

NH₄⁺ + B^- → HB + NH₃

Thus, treatment of concentrated solutions of ammonium salts with strong base gives ammonia. When ammonia is dissolved in water, a tiny amount of it converts to ammonium ions:

H₃O⁺ + NH₃

H₂O + NH₄⁺

Credit: first we want to thank you for spending your time looking though our presentation and we want to thank the group effort made by our own group for the researches...