2015 1E2 Group 7 - Osteoporosis Team members

Names / Roles:

• []      Wendy Leong  (Leader)
• []      Ili Nur Dhania  (Editor)
• []     Nurul Izza Bte Mohd Badrul Hisham (Researcher)
• []     Mohammad Herry Bin Abdullah (Researcher)
• Muhammad Aqil  Bin Abdul Halim    (editor)

Meaning / Definition

Osteoporosis is a medical condition in which the bones become

brittle and fragile from loss of tissue, typically as a result of hormonal changes

or deficiency of calcium or vitamin D. 

Causes and Effects

 Cause: Osteoporosis occur when there is an imbalance between new bone formation and old bone reabsorption.

The body may fail to form enough new bone, or too much old bone may be reabsorbed, or both.

Two essential minerals for normal bone formation are calcium and phosphate.

Effects: Osteoporosis is the major underlying cause of fractures in post menopausal women and the elderly.

Fractures occurs most often in bones of the hip, spine and wrist but any bone can be affected.

Some fractures can be permanently disabling, especially when they occur in the hip

Signs and Symptoms

A bone fracture after a minor injury such as a fall

This is often the first sign or indication that a person have osteoporosis. For a person that have osteoporosis, a force of a simple fall to ground is often to fracture a bone. This does not usually happen to a normal person. A bone fracture a minor injury like they is known as a fragility fracture.

Loss of height, persistent back pain and a stooping (bent forward) posture

These symptoms can occur if you develop one or more fractured vertebrae.

Vertebrae is another word for backbone or spine.

A vertebra affected by osteoporosis may fracture even without a fall or significant force on it.

The vertebrae can become squashed with the weight of your body.

If severe, a bent forward posture may affect your ability to go about your usual daily activities and may also affect your breathing, as your lungs have less room to expand within your chest.

Prevention and Treatment

Prevention

Regular exercise can help us to prevent osteoporosis.

We also need to have adequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D

Treatment

Bisphosphonates are the most common medications prescribed for osteoporosis treatment. These include:

• Alendronate (Fosamax)
• Risedronate (Actonel)
• Ibandronate (Boniva)
• Zoledronic acid (Reclast)

Osteoporosis medications basically put a brake on the process. These drugs effectively maintain bone density and decrease the risk of breaking a bone as a result of osteoporosis.

Link to Other Illnesses or Diseases

Diseases

Stroke

• A stroke is an interruption of the blood supply to part of the brain caused by either a blood clot (ischemic) or bleeding (hemorrhagic). 

 Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

• Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of the joints, the tissue around the joints, as well as other organs in the body,

Illnesses

Lower back pain

Vitamin D Deficiency

References

Plagiarism is a strongly discouraged.

http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/mobileart.asp?articlekey=434

http://www.medicinenet.com/osteoporosis/related-conditions/index.htm